Hernia Surgery in Singapore: What to Know

Living with a hernia can be challenging. For many, the condition starts as a dull ache, a persistent discomfort that comes and goes and eventually, a bulge or a lump appears. Over time, it can intensify, turning simple actions like standing, bending, or lifting into painful tasks. Hernias are a common medical condition, and for those considering treatment, surgery may sometimes be necessary.

In this article, we will cover everything you need to know about hernia surgery in Singapore, from understanding what a hernia is to what you can expect from surgery.

A hernia is when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the muscle or connective tissue surrounding it. It is a visible bulge commonly appearing in the abdomen or groin area. Hernias can develop due to chronic  straining, lifting heavy objects, obesity, or age-related weakening of tissues, among other causes. Types of hernias include:

• Inguinal hernia: Located in the groin area, it is the most common type, especially among men.
• Umbilical hernia: This type, seen near the belly button, often affects infants but can also develop in adults.
• Femoral hernia: This is seen in the upper thigh near the groin and is more common in women.
  

Hernia symptoms can vary based on the type and severity. Common symptoms are:

• An obvious bulge or swelling in the affected area may increase when you strain or stand.
• A feeling of heaviness, pressure, or discomfort at the hernia site.
• Pain or discomfort, especially when bending, lifting, or coughing.
• Burning or aching sensations in the area around the hernia.
  

Diagnosing a hernia involves a physical examination and a review of symptoms. The doctor may feel for a bulge in the affected area, which may become more pronounced when you cough or strain.

For some types of hernias, imaging procedures such as ultrasound and CT scan may be necessary to provide a confirmed diagnosis and evaluate the severity of the hernia.

An untreated hernia can lead to complications, some of which may be serious:

• Strangulation: If part of the intestine or tissue becomes trapped and loses its blood supply, it can lead to tissue death, a life-threatening situation that requires emergency surgery.
• Obstruction: The hernia can obstruct the bowel, causing severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation.
• Incarceration: A hernia may become trapped or "incarcerated," making pushing it back into place impossible, which often  requires immediate surgery.

Hernia surgery is often recommended if:

• The hernia is causing pain or discomfort that interferes with daily activities.
• The hernia is large or has grown in size over time.
• There is a risk of strangulation, obstruction, or incarceration.
• The hernia affects quality of life, particularly in cases where symptoms worsen over time.

In cases where hernias are small and asymptomatic, doctors may recommend a "watchful waiting" approach, monitoring the hernia over time to determine if surgery is eventually needed.

Hernia surgery can be performed in two main ways: open or minimally invasive. Each method has its advantages and may be recommended based on the type and location of the hernia and the patient's health.

Open hernia surgery is a traditional approach in which the surgeon makes a larger incision over the affected site to access the hernia directly. The herniated tissue is reduced back into its original location, the weakened abdominal wall area is often reinforced with synthetic mesh to prevent recurrence. With open surgery, patients have an extended downtime and recovery.

Minimally invasive hernia surgery, or keyhole surgery, may be recommended over open surgery for hernia repair if you have:

1. Smaller or less complicated hernias: Laparoscopic / Robotic surgery is often preferred for smaller hernias, where minimally invasive techniques can effectively repair the hernia without needing a large incision.
2. Bilateral or recurrent hernias: For patients with hernias on both sides of the body (bilateral) or those experiencing a recurrence after an open surgery, laparoscopic surgery allows the surgeon to address both sides in a single operation and may reduce the risk of additional recurrences.

Laparoscopic / Robotic  hernia surgery is a minimally invasive method that involves small incisions and the use of a laparoscope (a thin tube with a built-in camera) as a visual guide. The surgeon carefully moves the herniated tissue back into place within the abdominal cavity. The hernia sac is then reduced or removed if necessary.

To prevent hernia recurrence, a mesh is inserted through another small incision and placed over the weakened abdominal wall area to reinforce it. A minimally invasive hernia surgery offers reduced scarring, faster recovery, and less postoperative pain.

Like any surgical procedure, hernia surgery carries risks, although complications are generally rare. Some potential risks include:

• Infection at the incision site
• Haematoma collection 
• Recurrence of the hernia
• Nerve damage or chronic pain in the surgical area
• Adverse reactions to anaesthesia

Discussing these risks with your surgeon beforehand will help you understand the likelihood of complications and any measures you can take to minimise them.

Recovery time from hernia surgery varies based on the surgical method and individual factors.

• Laparoscopic / Robotic surgery: Most patients can resume light activities within a few days and return to work in about one to two weeks. However, stay away from strenuous activities and heavy lifting for at least four to six weeks.
• Open surgery: Recovery may take longer, typically around three to four weeks before resuming normal activities, with restrictions on heavy lifting for six to eight weeks.
  

After hernia surgery, patients are given specific post-operative care instructions to facilitate healing. These may include:

• Pain management: Your doctor may give pain medications to alleviate discomfort in the days following surgery.
• Wound care: Keep the operated site clean and dry, and avoid soaking in water (such as baths or swimming) until the incisions have healed.
• Activity restrictions: Light walking is encouraged to prevent blood clots, but avoid heavy lifting and vigorous exercise until cleared by your doctor.
• Follow-up appointments: Regular check-ins with your surgeon are essential to monitor healing and address concerns.
  

The cost of hernia surgery in Singapore will vary depending on the type of surgery, the hospital or clinic chosen, and whether it is a private or public institution.

Patients with health insurance or MediShield Life may be able to offset some of the costs. Please discuss specific costs and financial assistance options with the hospital or clinic.

Hernia surgery alleviates pain and prevents complications associated with hernias. With advancements in minimally invasive techniques, many patients can enjoy quicker recoveries and a return to normal activities. If you're considering hernia surgery in Singapore, consult a qualified specialist to discuss your options, understand the risks, and prepare for recovery.

Colorectal Clinic Associates in Singapore is known for specialising in gastrointestinal and hernia surgery. We provide comprehensive hernia diagnosis and treatment, including minimally invasive laparoscopic and the latest robotic surgery. Patients can benefit from the expertise of our experienced colorectal surgeons and a focus on patient-centred care.

Book a consultation today.